Leginon

h1. MSI set-up in more details

h2. Starting Up

Set up is most stable with a good microscope alignment.

*  Initial alignment at the microscope See Chapter on <link

linkend="microscope_setup">Microscope setup</link> for details.

*  scope> Insert specimen holder

*  scope> Put stage to eucenter and reset defocus in both HM mode AND LM

mode

*  scope> Check gun tilt and shift

*  scope> Check rotation center and beam tilt pivot points in the HM

mode

*  scope> Save the goniomenter position for the square with intact

supporting film where the alignment was done and do the same for a square where

the supporting film is broken (where bright/dark images can be acquired).

* Start python-based leginon main program amd leginon

client. See Chapter on <link linkend="microscope_setup">Start Leginon</link>.

*  scope> Set up <link linkend="CCDnote">CCD camera</link>

* <link linkend="test_start_client">scope> Start Leginon Client</link>

*  scope> If the error message

<blockquote>

_"Exception EAccessViolation in module adaExp.exe at

...._

_Access violation at address xxxx in module 'adaExp.exe'. Read of

address xxxx"_

</blockquote>

appears, DO NOT touch it, or Leginon Client will need restarting

* <link linkend="test_start_main">main> start-leginon.py</link>

*  Leginon Setup Wizard> Create new or Select old session, connect to the

instrument host, and start.

*  Start your preferred "MSI" application.

*  Leginon/Application/Run> Select the "MSI" application you would like to

use (Edge,T,Raster, or Tomography), the scope, and the main launcher. Click

Run.

*  Leginon/Node Selector> Select "Presets Manager" node.

* Leginon/Presets Manager/Preset Selector> Import

presets from a previous working session <inlinegraphic

fileref="http://emg.nysbc.org/software/leginon/images/icons/import.png"

format="PNG"/>

* Select the TEM and camera to "Find" sessions closest to the condition of

your data collection.

* Use shift-key to select a series of presets if needed. Hold-down to

ctrl-key allows individual selection/deselection.

* Click "Import" button to import, the presets should appear in the

Presets Manager/Preset Selector window.

* Click "OK" to exit "Import Presets" window.

* Creating new preset and adjusting the preset are covered in Calibration

Chapter under <link linkend="presets_create">Creating presets the first

time</link>.

*  The cycle order should match the sequence of data acquisition to minimize

hysterisis. If the presets are imported from previous session, the cycle order

is imported automatically. As an example, the cycle for naming scheme used here

at NRAMM is gr -> sq -> hl -> fa -> fc -> en -> ef.

* Leginon/Presets Manager> Select a preset in

the list box and then click "To Scope" <inlinegraphic

fileref="http://emg.nysbc.org/software/leginon/images/icons/instrumentset.png"

format="PNG"/> to apply the settings to the scope and synchronize Leginon and

the scope settings.

* Save the alignment and empty position in Leginon

*  scope> Recall the stored intact or empty position or go to such

location.

*  Leginon/Navigation/Toolbar/Stage Locations>

<inlinegraphic

fileref="http://emg.nysbc.org/software/leginon/images/icons/stagelocations.png"

format="PNG"/> Enter a New name to store Stage Location such as, for example,

"empty" and "align", respectively. Save the xy coordinate only. To recall the

position, select the named location under the same tool and click on "send to

scope".

h2. Grid preset image shift refinement

*  Leginon/Presets Manager> Send a preset at an intermediate mag at HM mode as

the reference (e.g. hl) "To Scope"<inlinegraphic

fileref="http://emg.nysbc.org/software/leginon/images/icons/instrumentset.png"

format="PNG"/>

(Note: sq preset in LM mode can be used if the image alignment between LM and HM

is known to be good).

*  scope> Move the grid to a position on the "align" square, either on a

recognizable object or burn a good hole through ice at the center of the CCD as

preparation for lower mag preset image shift correction.

*  Leginon/Presets Manager> Click on the tool "Align presets to each other"

<inlinegraphic

fileref="http://emg.nysbc.org/software/leginon/images/icons/alignpresets.png"

format="PNG"/> .

*  Check, adjust, and save the preset(s) to be aligned.

The left panel displays and navigate by "Stage Position" of the reference preset

while the right panel displays and navigate by "Image Shift" of the preset to be

aligned

*  Leginon/Presets Manager/Align Presets> Choose the reference (hl) preset

on the left panel.

*  Leginon/Presets Manager/Align Presets> Choose the aligning (gr) preset

on the right panel.

*  Leginon/Presets Manager/Align Presets> Select "Similar look across mags"

mode at the top left corner of the window. This will use a smaller part of the

CCD to acquire the image for the lower mag preset so that it appears to be

magnified in the 512x512 image panel.

*  Leginon/Presets Manager/Align Presets> "Start" image acquisition.

*  Leginon/Presets Manager/Align Presets> If the recongnizable object can

not be found in both panels, go back to step one to choose a lower mag preset or

a better object.

*  Leginon/Presets Manager/Align Presets> If the recongnizable object can

be found in both panels but not at the center on the reference left panel,

navigate* it to the center using its "Click Tool". Wait for the move to complete

and both images refreshed.

*  Leginon/Presets Manager/Align Presets> Navigate* the object on the right

panel to the center using its "Click Tool".The new image shift is automatically

saved at each move.

*  Repeat 7 if necessary.

* "Navigate" means selecting the navigate tool<inlinegraphic

fileref="http://emg.nysbc.org/software/leginon/images/icons/arrow.png" format="PNG"/> on

the top right of image display and then double clicking the location of the new center that

is translated by the given TEM Parameter.

h2. Grid preset stage postion refinement

Stage position model Scale and Rotation is stable as long as the LM eucentric height

defocus is set to zero before each session, although variation from day to day is normal.

Check the stage movement calibration of gr preset by navigating it in Navigation node.

Within 10% error is satisfactory since reaching a square does not require high accuracy. If

not, perform stage model position _<link linkend="gonm_m_only">scale and rotation

calibration</link> at gr preset_ using "Calibration" application as

following:

_<link linkend="gonmodel_how">Why goniometer model is

better</link>._

*  scope> Remove the objective apperture.

*  Leginon> Run "Calibrations" Application

*  Leginon/Presets Manager> Send "gr" preset to scope.

*  Leginon/GonioModeling/Settings/Measurement> Set axis=x,

Points=5,Tolerance=25%, and Interval=1e-05 m. Default model label is the session

name.

*  Leginon/GonioModeling/Settings/Modeling> Set "Scale and Rotation Adjustment

Only"=Yes. Other settings will be set automatically once measurements are

finished.

*  Leginon/GonioModeling> Click on <inlinegraphic

fileref="http://emg.nysbc.org/software/leginon/images/icons/cam_ruler.png"

format="PNG"/> will start "Measure" the shifts of between points that are moved on x

axis of the goniometer.

*  Leginon/GonioModeling> Click on <inlinegraphic

fileref="http://emg.nysbc.org/software/leginon/images/icons/play.png" format="PNG"

/> will "Calibrate" the scale and rotation of the model on x axis of the

goniometer.

*  Leginon/GonioModeling> repeat 4-7 with the axis set to y.

h2. Acquire mosaic atlas of the grid

*  scope> Remove the objective apperture.

*  Leginon/Grid Targeting> Click "Settings" to check the preset used, the size

and name of the atlas.

* Leginon/Grid Targeting> Click "Calculate Atlas" <inlinegraphic

fileref="http://emg.nysbc.org/software/leginon/images/icons/calculate.png"

format="PNG"/>

*  Leginon/Grid Targeting> Click "Submit Targets" <inlinegraphic

fileref="http://emg.nysbc.org/software/leginon/images/icons/play.png" format="PNG"

/>to begin acquiring the atlas.

*  Leginon/Square Targeting> Follow the atlas progress in the display. (***There

is no sign at the end currently other than that nothing happens for a long time and

that the atlas dimension is the same in other direction when it is completed.)

*  scope> Insert the objective aperture.

*  Leginon/Presets Manager/Send an HM preset "To Scope" several times to cycle all

magnifications and warm up the objective lens to minimize the image shift hysteresis

in switching between LM and HM modes. If the scope has been in LM mode for a long

time, wait for at least 30 min before final image shift refinement of needed LM preset

during acquisition (i.e. sq)

h2. Determine the proper exposure condition for exposure

presets

Exposure presets are the base presets for data collection. To keep it to low dose

condition such as 10 electron/Angstrum, measurement of dose is performed and the exposure

time is adjusted. If scope or camera parameters are changed during the session, the dose

value is no longer valid and should be remeasured.

*  Leginon/Navigation/Toolbar/Stage Locations<inlinegraphic

fileref="http://emg.nysbc.org/software/leginon/images/icons/stagelocations.png"

format="PNG"/>> Send the "empty" position "To scope".

*  Leginon/Presets Manager/Preset Selector> Select a high mag exposure (i.e. "en"

or "ef"), confirm that the parameters are what you desire for the experiment, and then

send "To Scope"<inlinegraphic

fileref="http://emg.nysbc.org/software/leginon/images/icons/instrumentset.png"

format="PNG"/>.

*  scope> Expand the beam to at least cover the CCD (> medium circle mark on

the viewing screen) and to the size you desire.

*  Leginon/Presets Manager/Preset Selector> If you have changed the size or

location of the beam or other preset scope parameters at the scope, you must retrieve

the preset parameter "From scope"<inlinegraphic

fileref="http://emg.nysbc.org/software/leginon/images/icons/instrumentget.png"

format="PNG"/> first before checking and saving the dose value.

*  Leginon/Presets Manager/Preset Selector> "Acquire dose image"<inlinegraphic

fileref="http://emg.nysbc.org/software/leginon/images/icons/acquire.png"

format="PNG"/> for the selected preset.

*  Leginon/Presets Manager/Dose Image> Check the "Dose" value.

*  Leginon/Presets Manager/Dose Image> If desired dose is known, fill in the

value and then click "Match". This will change exposure time to give a close match of

the value entered.

*  Leginon/Presets Manager/Dose Image> If not satisfied with the value, click

"No", change the exposure time by editing the preset, and try again (No need to send

the preset "To scope" again for the repeat)

*  If the scope can not give such illumination to satisfy dose, exposure time and

area requirement, alignment is required or change of gun lens or spot size is

needed.

*  Leginon/Presets Manager> Copy the preset parameter to the other exposure

preset.

* Preset Selector> send the preset that has the dose measurement "To

Scope"<inlinegraphic

fileref="http://emg.nysbc.org/software/leginon/images/icons/instrumentset.png"

format="PNG"/>

* Preset Selector> select the preset to recieve the copy

* Preset Selector> retrieve the parameters "From Scope"<inlinegraphic

fileref="http://emg.nysbc.org/software/leginon/images/icons/instrumentget.png"

format="PNG"/> for the selected preset.

* Preset Selector/Edit><inlinegraphic

fileref="http://emg.nysbc.org/software/leginon/images/icons/edit.png"

format="PNG"/> Modify defocus for the preset after the retrieval.

h2. Update bright/dark correction images for exposure

presets

Exposure presets are the base presets for data collection. To make sure the best

correction is applied to them, the correction images should be acquired prior to the

experiment at session. Since no correlation is normally done on these images, only one <link

linkend="Cal_cor_channel">channel</link> is needed. Normalization image might need to be

<link linkend="Cal_cor_region">modified</link> if a large chunk of region is blocked by a

fallen debris.

*  Leginon/Presets Manager> Select a dose measured high mag exposure (i.e. "en"

or "ef"), and then send "To Scope".

*  Leginon/Correction/Settings>

*  Select TEM and camera to match that will be used.

*  Camera Configuration: The exposure preset camera configuration

*  Leginon/Correction/Settings> Click OK to exit settings.

*  Leginon/Correction/Toolbar> Select "Raw image " from the pull down list of

acquisition modes and then click on "Acquire" button next to the selector to view an

image that is not corrected.

*  Leginon/Correction/Toolbar> Select "Dark reference" in the acquisition mode

selector and then click "Acquire" to acquire the Dark reference image for this

particular camera configuration.

*  Leginon/Correction/Toolbar> Select "Bright reference" and repeat the

acquisition to obtain the Bright reference.

*  Leginon/Correction/Toolbar> Select "Corrected image" and then "Acquire" to

view the corrected image. A corrected image should be free of artifacts and have

smaller standard deviation than the raw image, in general.

*  Leginon/Correction/Toolbar> If there are regions consistently over normalizes

the acquired image, either select the region and use the "+" tool to "Add Region to

Bad Pixel List", or click on<inlinegraphic

fileref="http://emg.nysbc.org/software/leginon/images/icons/stagelocations.png"

format="PNG"/>to "Add Extreme Points to Bad Pixel List" one of more times to find

the outliers. Right click on a shown bad pixel removes it from the list.

h2. Medium mag preset image and beam shift

refinement

Preset image shift alignment can be done follow the same procedure as the section "<link

linkend="image_shift_align">Grid preset image shift refinement</link>" but is more

efficient using the automated mode as follows.

*  Leginon/Presets Manager> Send one of the exposure preset as the reference

(e.g. en) "To Scope"<inlinegraphic

fileref="http://emg.nysbc.org/software/leginon/images/icons/instrumentset.png"

format="PNG"/>

*  scope> Move the grid to a position on the "align" square, either on a

recognizable object or burn a good hole through ice at the center of the CCD as

preparation for lower mag preset image shift correction.

*  Leginon/Presets Manager> Click on the tool "Align presets to each other"

<inlinegraphic

fileref="http://emg.nysbc.org/software/leginon/images/icons/alignpresets.png"

format="PNG"/> . The tool automatically select the reference preset that was

selected in the Presets Manager mainpanel and choose a preset at closest magnification

as the starting aligning preset.

*  Leginon/Presets Manager/Align Presets> Click "Start" to acquire the first

image pair.

*  Check, adjust, and save the preset(s) to be aligned.

The left panel displays and navigate by "Stage Position" of the reference preset

while the right panel displays and navigate by "Image Shift" of the preset to be

aligned

*  Leginon/Presets Manager/Align Presets> Changing Selection of "Similar

look across mags" or "Full CCD" mode at the top left corner of the window will

cause reacquisition of the image pair in the automated mode.

*  Leginon/Presets Manager/Align Presets> If the recongnizable object can

be found in both panels but not at the center on the reference left panel,

navigate* it to the center using its "Click Tool". Wait for the move to complete

and both images refreshed.

*  Leginon/Presets Manager/Align Presets> Navigate* the object on the right

panel to the center using its "Click Tool". The new image shift is automatically

saved after each move.

*  Repeat 3 if necessary.

*  Leginon/Presets Manager/Align Presets> Click "Continue" to save the

alignment to all presets of the same magnification and continue to the next

preset pair.

*  Repeat the process if so desired.

h2. Go to MSI Operation section

The setup that requires you to be next to the microscope is completed. Go to the section

on <link linkend="leg1operation">MSI Operation</link>.

h2. Hole Targeting Set-up

We can use any image that is already loaded into Hole Targeting to adjust these

parameters.  The values in this node vary so much from grid to grid that the best way to

find these parameters is by going through a step-by-step trial-and-error process. To see the

final acquisition and focus targets, enable only the Original, acquisition, and focus

display selections. Refer to Introduction Chapter on <link linkend="image_viewer_control"

>how the various tools behave in the control panel</link>.

The loaded image normally comes from the image acquired through "Square" node when you

submit targets on the grid atlas in "Square Targeting" node.  You can also do a practice run

using the default image comes with Leginon. Leave the filename entry blank when you click

"Load" in the hole finding settings window for the step "Original". The default values in

the node gives an example of reasonable target finding with such default image.

Setting up Hole Targeting Depends on which MSI flavor you are running:

* <link linkend="Eholetargeting_setup">MSI-Edge</link> uses template matching of the

edge image

* <link linkend="MSIT_tmplt_cor">MSI-T</link> uses template matching of the original

image

* <link linkend="Rholetarget_setup">MSI-Raster</link> creates raster points from a given

origin

* <link linkend="TomoTargeting_setup">MSI-Tomography</link> does not use automatic

target finding. Therefore, it does not requires set up.

h2.  Exposure Targeting Set-up

Like hole targeting, we can use any image that is already loaded into Exposure Targeting

to adjust these parameters.

Setting up Exposure Targeting Depends on which MSI flavor you are running.

* <link linkend="Eexptargeting_setup">MSI-Edge</link> uses template matching of the edge

image

* <link linkend="MSIT_tmplt_cor">MSI-T</link> uses template matching of the original

image

* <link linkend="Rexptarget_setup">MSI-Raster</link> creates raster points from a given

origin

* <link linkend="TomoTargeting_setup">MSI-Tomography</link> does not use automatic target

finding. Therefore, it does not require set up.

h2. Autofocus Test

There are two focusers in MSI. "Z Focus" node usually moves stage in Z direction to

Eucentric height at lower mags. "Focus" node usually just correct the defocus in the way

equivalent to turning the focus adjustment knob on the scope at a higher mag. The defocus

measurments in both nodes are based on the same principle of beam-tilt induced image shift.

A correlation (normally phase) is used to obtain the image shift. Therefore, it is important

to test and preform autofocus measurement at area with recognizable feature that does not

move significantly during the defocus measurement.

The test use "Manual_after" focus step in the focus sequence for checking. Two

procedures can be used to reach a area for good correlation measurements:

*  Using Simulate Target tool

*  Leginon/Presets Manager> Send the autofocus preset "To Scope"

*  scope> Move to an area that has recognizable feature on the carbon

support at the center.

*  Leginon/(Z) Focus/Focus Sequence<inlinegraphic

fileref="http://emg.nysbc.org/software/leginon/images/icons/focus_sequence.png"

format="PNG"/>> Enable desired autofocus and "Manual_after" focus

steps.

*  Leginon/(Z) Focus/Toolbar> Click Simulate Target<inlinegraphic

fileref="http://emg.nysbc.org/software/leginon/images/icons/simulatetarget.png"

format="PNG"/> and follow the autofocus

*  Submiting focus target from Hole Targeting

*To use this procedure, there has to be a grid mosaic, and the Hole Targeting

should allow user verification of targets

*  Leginon/(Z) Focus/Focus Sequence<inlinegraphic

fileref="http://emg.nysbc.org/software/leginon/images/icons/focus_sequence.png"

format="PNG"/>> Enable desired autofocus and "Manual_after" focus

steps.

*  Leginon/Square Targeting> Select a test square and submit it<inlinegraphic

fileref="http://emg.nysbc.org/software/leginon/images/icons/play.png"

format="PNG"/>

*  Leginon/Hole Targeting> Submit a focus target to test autofocus in Z Focus

node and an acquisition target for the next stage. Both targets should be in an

area that has recognizable feature with carbon support.

*  Leginon/Z focus> follow the autofocus test in this node.

*  Leginon/Exposure Targeting> Submit a focus target at a location that has

recognizable feature with carbon support to test autofocus in Focus node.

*  Leginon/Focus> follow autofocus test in this node.

Checking the performance of autofocus by the following

criteria:

*  During autofocusing

*  Display the image and correlection peak: The observed movement of images

upon beam tilt should be consistent with the correlation peak and the edge of

the beam should not be visible in any of the beam-tilt images.

*  Display the correlation image: The correlation peak at its correct position

should be significantly higher than background.

*  During manual focusing

Manual Focusing can be activated either by enabling "Manual_before/Manual_after"

steps or directly when leginon is idle using (Z) Focus/Toolbar/MF. To activate manual

focus directly, it is necessary to send to scope the preset of the choice (normally

fc) first, though.

*  MF> The FFT should show visible and isotropic Thon ring according to the

fc preset defocus.

*  MF/Toolbar> Make sure the move type is "Defocus" and the set value in the

box is 0 m then click "Set instrument" botton<inlinegraphic

fileref="http://emg.nysbc.org/software/leginon/images/icons/instrumentset.png"

format="PNG"/>. This will set the defocus to the current 0.

*  MF> The perfect autofocus result is that the FFT indicates that the scope

is at Gaussian focus.

*  For relative movement, press "+" or "-". The step size is determined in

MF/Toolbar/Settings>

*  To reset defocus to zero at the new focus, press the so-named

button<inlinegraphic

fileref="http://emg.nysbc.org/software/leginon/images/icons/instrumentsetnew.png"

format="PNG"/>.

*  Clicking the Stop button<inlinegraphic

fileref="http://emg.nysbc.org/software/leginon/images/icons/stop.png"

format="PNG"/> exits the maunal check.