Database Server Installation Shared » History » Revision 78
Revision 77 (Patrick Goetz, 08/21/2017 05:52 PM) → Revision 78/82 (Patrick Goetz, 08/21/2017 06:10 PM)
h1. Database Server Installation
h2. Install MySQL
The following is for the computer that hosts the databases. This involves installing MySQL server and creation/configuration of the leginondb and projectdb databases.
h3. 1 Install MySQL-Server and MySQL-Client
*Note:* You may already have MySQL Server and Client installed. Check by typing mysql at the command line.
If you see a MySQL prompt (mysql>), you may skip this step.
To install Mysql on Linux you have two options (the first option is better):
# Use your package installer (yum, zypper, YaST, apt-get). For example:
<pre>sudo yum install mysql mysql-server</pre>
For Suse
<pre>yast2 -i mysql mysql-client</pre>
# Download the latest MySQL-server package for Linux from http://www.mysql.com
h3. 2 Locate Example MySQL configuration files
They are usually located in /usr/share/mysql.
<pre>
ls /usr/share/mysql/my*
/usr/share/mysql/my-huge.cnf
/usr/share/mysql/my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf
/usr/share/mysql/my-large.cnf
/usr/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf
/usr/share/mysql/my-small.cnf
</pre>
If that does not work try the locate function
<pre>
locate my | egrep "\.cnf$"
/etc/my.cnf
/usr/share/mysql/my-huge.cnf
/usr/share/mysql/my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf
/usr/share/mysql/my-large.cnf
/usr/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf
/usr/share/mysql/my-small.cnf
</pre>
h3. 3 Configure my.cnf in /etc using my-huge.cnf as the template
# Copy my-huge.cnf to my.cnf
<pre>sudo cp -v /usr/share/mysql/my-huge.cnf /etc/my.cnf</pre>
# Edit /etc/my.cnf to add or change query cache variables like these (be sure to place them under the @[mysqld]@ section):
<pre>
query_cache_type = 1
query_cache_size = 100M
query_cache_limit= 100M
</pre>
# Search for the text default_storage_engine in /etc/my.cnf. *VERY IMPORTANT* *If it exists and is set to other than MyISAM, you should change it* to:
<pre>default_storage_engine=MyISAM</pre>
h3. 4 Start the MySQL Server
Most modern linux systems use systemd:
<pre>
sudo systemctl start mysql
</pre> or
<pre>
sudo systemctl start mysqld
</pre>
For CentOS/Fedora/RHEL v. 6.x systems system use the service command:
<pre>
sudo /sbin/service mysqld start
</pre>
For older other Unix systems:
<pre>
sudo /etc/init.d/mysqld start
</pre>
or on some installations (Suse),
<pre>
sudo /etc/init.d/mysql start
</pre>
For future reference: start | stop | restart MySQL Server with similar commands:
For Centos, Fedora
<pre>
sudo /etc/init.d/mysqld start
sudo /etc/init.d/mysqld stop
sudo /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
</pre>
or
<pre>
sudo /sbin/service mysqld start
sudo /sbin/service mysqld stop
sudo /sbin/service mysqld restart
</pre>
or for Suse
<pre>
sudo /etc/init.d/mysql start
sudo /etc/init.d/mysql stop
sudo /etc/init.d/mysql restart
</pre>
h3. 5 Configure MySQL to start automatically at boot
<pre>
sudo systemctl enable mysql
</pre> or
<pre>
sudo systemctl enable mysqld
</pre> depending on what the systemd service file is called for your system.
<pre>
sudo /sbin/chkconfig mysqld on
</pre>
or for SuSe:
<pre>
sudo /sbin/chkconfig --add mysql
</pre>
h3. 6 For future reference, the database location will be:
<pre>
ls /var/lib/mysql
ibdata1 ib_logfile0 ib_logfile1 mysql mysql.sock test
</pre>
h3. 7 Create the Leginon database, call it leginondb
<pre>
sudo mysqladmin create leginondb
</pre>
h3. 8 Create the Project database, call it projectdb
<pre>
sudo mysqladmin create projectdb
</pre>
h3. 9 Connect to mysql db
If starting from scratch, the mysql root user will have no password. This is assumed to be the case and we will set it later.
<pre>
mysql -u root mysql
</pre>
You should see a mysql prompt: mysql>
You can view the current mysql users with the following command.
<pre>
select user, password, host from user;
+------+----------+-----------+
| user | password | host |
+------+----------+-----------+
| root | | localhost |
| root | | host1 |
| | | host1 |
| | | localhost |
+------+----------+-----------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
</pre>
h3. 10 Create user
Create and grant privileges to a user called usr_object for the databases on both the localhost and other hosts involved. For example, use wild card '%' for all hosts. You can set specific (@ALTER, CREATE, DROP, DELETE, INSERT, RENAME, SELECT, UPDATE@) privileges or @ALL@ privileges to the user. See MySQL Reference Manual for details. The following examples demonstrate some of the options available.
* *Option 1: More secure - restrict Drop and Delete privileges*
At the mysql prompt execute the following commands:
<pre>
CREATE USER usr_object@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'YOUR PASSWORD';
GRANT ALTER, CREATE, INSERT, SELECT, UPDATE ON leginondb.* TO 'usr_object'@'localhost';
GRANT ALTER, CREATE, INSERT, SELECT, UPDATE ON projectdb.* TO 'usr_object'@'localhost';
</pre>
* *Option 2: Less secure - allow all privileges*
You may choose to use the following less secure version (no password and all privileges) of the commands above, however, we recommend not allowing the DROP privilege on all tables nor DELETE privilege on most tables.
At the mysql prompt execute the following commands:
<pre>
CREATE USER usr_object@'localhost';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON leginondb.* TO usr_object@'localhost';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON projectdb.* TO usr_object@'localhost';
</pre>
* *Option 3: Allow access from all computers in the domain*
You may also choose to assign a domain to your commands and use a wildcard to allow access from all computers in the domain.
<pre>
CREATE USER usr_object@'%.mydomain.edu' IDENTIFIED BY 'YOUR PASSWORD';
GRANT ALTER, CREATE, INSERT, SELECT, UPDATE ON leginondb.* to usr_object@'%.mydomain.edu';
GRANT ALTER, CREATE, INSERT, SELECT, UPDATE ON projectdb.* to usr_object@'%.mydomain.edu';
</pre>
h3. 11 Give create and access privileges for the processing databases which begin with "ap".
<pre>
# if your web host is local
GRANT ALTER, CREATE, INSERT, SELECT, UPDATE ON `ap%`.* to usr_object@localhost;
# for all other hosts if you are accessing the databases from another computer
GRANT ALTER, CREATE, INSERT, SELECT, UPDATE ON `ap%`.* to usr_object@'%.mydomain.edu';
</pre>
h3. 12 Change Root password
To set the root password use the command:
<pre>
sudo mysqladmin -u root password NEWPASSWORD
</pre>
Or you can do it from within mysql
<pre>
update user set password=password('your_own_root_password') where user="root";
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 2 Changed: 2 Warnings: 0
# run the flush privileges command to avoid problems
flush privileges;
^D or exit;
</pre>
From now on, you will need to specify the password to connect to the database as root user like this:
<pre>
mysql -u root -p mysql
</pre>
h3. 13 Check MySQL variables
<pre>
# at the command prompt, log into the leginon database
mysql -u usr_object -p leginondb
# At the mysql prompt show variables that begin with 'query'.
# Check that the changes you made to my.cfg are in place.
SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'query%';
+------------------------------+-----------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------------------+-----------+
| ft_query_expansion_limit | 20 |
| have_query_cache | YES |
| long_query_time | 10 |
| query_alloc_block_size | 8192 |
| query_cache_limit | 104857600 | ---This should correspond to your change
| query_cache_min_res_unit | 4096 |
| query_cache_size | 104857600 | ---This should correspond to your change
| query_cache_type | ON | ---This should correspond to your change
| query_cache_wlock_invalidate | OFF |
| query_prealloc_size | 8192 |
+------------------------------+-----------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)
exit;
</pre>
If you do not see your changes, try restarting mysql.
On centOS:
<pre>
sudo /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
</pre>
h3. 14 Make sure MySQL is running
<pre>
mysqlshow -u root -p
+--------------+
| Databases |
+--------------+
| mysql |
| leginondb |
| projectdb |
+--------------+
</pre>
h3. Run the following command from the command line:
Be sure to edit PASSWORD to the one you previously set for usr_object.
<pre>
php -r "mysql_connect('localhost', 'usr_object', 'PASSWORD', 'leginondb'); echo mysql_stat();"; echo ""
</pre>
Expected output:
<pre>
Uptime: 1452562 Threads: 1 Questions: 618 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 117 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 106 Queries per second avg: 0.000
</pre>
If there are any error messages, mysql may be configured incorrectly.
*Note:* If you do not have php and php-mysql packages installed you need to install them to run the above command. The yum installation is:
<pre>
sudo yum -y install php php-mysql
</pre>
</pre>